William Cowper

William Cowper (1731–1800) was an English poet and hymn writer whose work has had lasting influence in both Christian worship and English literature. Born in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England, Cowper was the son of an Anglican clergyman who served as chaplain to King George II and grew up with strong religious influences. He was educated at Westminster School and later studied law, but he never practiced due to recurring struggles with depression and anxiety that affected much of his adult life. These struggles led to periods of deep spiritual questioning and emotional turmoil, which in turn shaped the tone of many of his hymns and poems.

Cowper’s hymns are most closely associated with the influential collection Olney Hymns, produced in collaboration with his friend and pastor John Newton, author of Amazing Grace. Living in Olney, Buckinghamshire, during the 1770s, Cowper contributed sixty-seven hymn texts to the volume, expressing themes of intimate relationship with God, the reality of human struggle, trust in divine providence, and the believer’s spiritual journey.

Among Cowper’s best-known hymn texts are O for a Closer Walk with God, God Moves in a Mysterious Way, and Hark, My Soul! It Is the Lord. These hymns remain in regular use in hymnals around the world because they combine theological depth, sincere personal devotion, and poetic beauty. His writing reflects both confidence in God’s faithfulness and honest confrontation with the challenges of faith, a combination that continues to resonate with worshipers.

Cowper also achieved recognition as one of the foremost English poets of the eighteenth century outside his hymn writing. His literary work, including The Task and other poems, helped pave the way for later Romantic poets by emphasizing natural expression and everyday experience. He died on April 25, 1800, in East Dereham, Norfolk, England.